A Capital Improvement Program (C.I.P.), or Capital Improvement Plan is typically a medium-to-long range plan, spanning from four to ten years, which identifies the facility needs of the district and outlines specific goals related to design and construction of improvements to, additions to, and/or construction of new school facilities.

A CIP may also identify specific equipment purchases required for the district along with needs for internal system improvements such as information technology infrastructure, depending on the controlling legislation.